Publications

The diversity of geological conditions in each oil field in the world causes many methods to be developed, especially in terms of the effectiveness and efficiency of oil production. Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) is one of the suitable methods to be developed because it increases oil production by up to 60%. The approach to the study is conducted by using comparative research. Two methods �CO2 EOR and Surfactant Injection� are compared to determine which method is more suitable to implement in Ngrayong Formation. Both methods are selected for this comparison due to its effects on reducing environmental issues and preserving sustainable development. CO2 EOR means injecting compressed carbon dioxide into depleting oil fields. CO2 decreases the hydrocarbon viscosity causing it to expand and flow more easily. CO2 EOR can be applied to a range of reservoir settings including sandstones, limestones and dolostones; in structural or stratigraphic traps; in small isolated buildups or giant fields; and onshore or offshore. Surfactant Injection is the process of injecting surfactant compounds into hydrocarbon reservoirs with the aim of reducing the surface tension between oil and injection fluid which has different degrees of polarity so that oil mobility can increase. It is suitable in reservoirs with sandstone lithology < 9000 feet, good permeability (10 md) and reservoir temperature conditions > 93 �C as lower temperatures result in a slower reaction on surfactants so that the results obtained are not optimal. In Hydrocarbons it has a low specific gravity value and API value > 25, viscosity < 100cP and salinity <100,100 ppm. Ngrayong Formation is dominated by massive sandstone lithology, the thickness of the formation is >10 feet, the depth of the reservoir is 600-750 meters below the earth's surface, specific gravity 0.8652, 32 degree API value, permeability <200 mD and light oil types. Therefore, the suitable method to better optimize oil production in Kawengan Ngrayong Formation oil field is using surfactant chemicals mixed into the water injected through injection wells.