Publications

Hydrogen sulphide (H2S) gas and Hydrocarbons are major accident hazards (MAH) in upstream oil and gas plants, as they can cause mass poisoning, explosions and fires. This paper presents a case study of a joint emergency drill conducted in an oil and gas plant (C Facility in X Field) with a simulated H2S gas leak followed by a tank fire scenario. The scenario was based on the results of the plant's qualitative process hazard analysis (HAZOP & HAZID) and further clarified by quantitative process hazard analysis (FERA) to assign it as MAH Scenario. The emergency drill consisted of tabletop and wet drills, both using the same scenario. Both of the drills involved the collaboration of internal and external stakeholders, such as the incident management team (IMT), the business support team (BST), the crisis management team (CMT), the regional government, the disaster mitigation agency, the local fire fighting team, the police and the military. The paper discusses the objectives, procedures, challenges, outcomes and evaluation of the drill and the emergency response plan (ERP). It also provides recommendations for improving the emergency preparedness of the plant and its workers and surrounding community in case of a real H2S gas leak and tank fire incident and also other Major Accident scenarios due to industrial failure. There are 10 (ten) recommendations that arise from these drills, the summary of these recommendations are: 1) improvement of emergency drill information flow 2) improvement of command post on all levels of emergency organisation 3) improvement of personnel competencies 4) updating of emergency organisation, emergency procedures and pre-fire planning.